Skinny Cat with a Good Appetite? Common Hormonal Diseases of Cats.


         Why is My Cat Getting Skinny?  Understanding Common Health Issues


There are many reasons why cats lose weight.  Two common conditions—diabetes mellitus and hyperthyroidism—can cause significant weight loss despite a good or even ravenous appetite. In addition to weight loss, cats with diabetes often drink much more water than usual. Both of these conditions are linked to hormones and can be treated effectively.

 


    Diabetes Mellitus in Cats


Diabetes mellitus occurs when there is a deficiency of the hormone insulin, which is necessary for cells to use glucose properly. The pancreas either produces insufficient insulin or the insulin produced is less effective. Overweight cats are particularly at risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes in cats is diagnosed with a blood and urine test, which will show an increase in glucose levels. Fortunately, diabetes is treatable with injectable insulin and a diet that is high in protein and low in carbohydrates. In some cases, the diabetes can even be reversed, and the cat no longer requires insulin. However, other cats may need insulin for life.
Without treatment, cats with diabetes continue to lose weight and can develop diabetic ketoacidosis, a serious condition that can be fatal if left untreated. Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial to preventing diabetes in cats, especially for overweight or obese ones.


Hyperthyroidism in Cats


Hyperthyroidism is a common condition in older cats, often caused by a benign tumour on the thyroid glands. The thyroid hormone ramps up the body’s metabolism, causing affected cats to lose weight. These cats are often skinny, have scruffy coats, and may show a fast heart rate. The thyroid gland may also be mildly enlarged.
A blood test can easily diagnose this condition, which is treated with medication (daily tablets or a gel rubbed into the ear flap) or radioactive iodine treatment (which very often cures the disease). Left untreated, cats with hyperthyroidism will continue to lose weight and may become dangerously thin.


How These Conditions Are Managed


Both diabetes and hyperthyroidism can be diagnosed and managed at home, with home vet visits for blood and urine tests and support and medications supplied. Constant glucose monitors are often used for initial monitoring of diabetic cats.  Phone or Zoom consultations with the owner can be used to discuss their cat’s progress, without the need for frequent stressful vet visits.

Dr. Linda Fleeman, one of Australia's leading experts on feline diabetes, advises that clinical signs such as eating normally, drinking normally, and gaining weight are strong indicators of successful treatment.  She recommends treatments that improve the quality of life for the cat and work for their owners.


When to Seek Veterinary Help


Weight loss in cats can have many causes, so it’s essential to seek a veterinary evaluation if you notice your cat becoming thinner. Early diagnosis and treatment increase the chances of a better outcome. It’s always better to address a minor weight loss sooner rather than waiting until the cat is extremely thin.

 









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